For many neuroscientists it is a core belief that all of human experience, our sensory perception of our environment, our thoughts, memories, emotions and aspirations are ultimately manifestations of brain function and should in principle be explainable in terms of ultimately simple physiological mechanisms. In this course we enable students to understand the scientific insights and discoveries that this belief is based on. We will cover key topics in neuroscience, from electrical and chemical communication in nerve cells, to vision, hearing, how our brains control our movements, how memories are formed, and how so called neuromodulatory systems control our arousal and attention and shape our decision.